Working principle of U-shaped dump truck

The U-shaped dump truck is driven by a hydraulic system and designed with a rear tilting carriage to achieve efficient unloading. Its working principle can be broken down into three core components: power transmission, hydraulic lifting, and unloading reset

1、 Power transmission: engine driven hydraulic system
Power source: The engine transmits power to the hydraulic pump through the transmission and power take-off device (PTO).
Hydraulic pump operation: The hydraulic pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, producing high-pressure oil.
Oil distribution: High pressure oil enters the lifting hydraulic cylinder through the distribution valve and oil pipe, providing power for the tilting of the carriage.
2、 Hydraulic lifting: Rear tilting carriage tilting
Carriage structure: The U-shaped cargo box adopts a rear tilting design, with a curved bottom, low center of gravity, and strong stability.
Overturning process:
The high-pressure oil pushes the piston rod inside the lifting hydraulic cylinder to extend, driving the rear of the carriage to lift upwards.
The carriage tilts backwards to a preset angle (usually 45 ° -60 °) with the rear of the car as the fulcrum, and the cargo automatically slides out due to gravity.
Manipulation control: By manipulating the system (such as a handle or electronic control button) to control the movement speed of the piston rod, precise adjustment of the tilting angle of the carriage can be achieved.
3、 Unloading reset: gravity and hydraulic synergy
Unloading completed: After the goods slide out, the control system releases hydraulic pressure and the carriage stops tilting.
Reset process:
Gravity effect: The carriage slowly falls back under its own gravity.
Hydraulic control: The hydraulic system provides resistance through a reverse oil circuit to ensure a smooth return of the carriage to its initial position.
Safety design: The front end of the carriage is equipped with a driver’s cab safety protection plate to prevent goods from impacting the driver’s cab when tipping over.
4、 Collaboration of key components
Function of components
The hydraulic pump converts engine power into hydraulic energy and provides a high-pressure oil source.
The distribution valve controls the flow of high-pressure oil and regulates the working state of the lifting hydraulic cylinder.
The lifting hydraulic cylinder pushes the piston rod to extend and retract, achieving the tilting and resetting of the carriage.
The U-shaped cargo box has a curved bottom plate to reduce cargo residue, and the rear tilting structure improves unloading efficiency.
The control system controls the movement speed of the piston rod and accurately adjusts the tilting angle of the carriage.
5、 Working principle advantages
Efficient unloading: The backward tilting design combined with a U-shaped bottom plate makes the goods slide out more smoothly, with a residual rate close to zero.
Structural stability: low center of gravity, uniform force distribution, reducing the risk of cargo spillage during driving.
Flexible operation: The tilting can be paused at any time by manipulating the system to adapt to different unloading scenarios.
Strong durability: High strength steel plates and curved bottom plates reduce impact damage and extend the service life of the cargo box.